Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

1. Reverse osmosis is the process of forcing a solvent from a region of high solute concentration through a membrane to a region of low solute concentration by applying pressure on ________?

[A] Concentrated solution
[B] Dilute solution
[C] Membrane
[D] None of the above

Correct Answer: A [Concentrated solution]

Notes:
This process requires that a high pressure be exerted on the high concentration side of the membrane.

2. Which of the following is a micronutrient that helps in nitrogen metabolism of plants?

[A] Zinc
[B] Copper
[C] Molybdenum
[D] Sulphur

Correct Answer: C [Molybdenum]

Notes:
Nitrogen metabolism is not only one of the basic processes of plant physiology, but also one of the important parts of global chemical cycle. The molybdenum nitrogenase is responsible for most biological nitrogen fixation.

3. Efforts of which of the following scientists led the government of India to set up Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics?

[A] Dr Lalji Singh
[B] Samir K Brahmachari
[C] Prof M Vijayan
[D] Kanury Venkata Subba Rao

Correct Answer: A [Dr Lalji Singh]

Notes:
Director of the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) since 1998, Singh is best known for developing a unique way of DNA fingerprinting that has been accepted by Indian courts as valid in forensic evidence, paternity determination and seed stock verification. This technique was used during the probe into the Rajiv Gandhi murder case. This new technique prompted the government to set up the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics for further exploration in the field.

4. Which among the following bacterial cells are found in cubical packets?

[A] Tetracocci
[B] Streptococci
[C] Staphylococci
[D] Sarcinae

Correct Answer: D [Sarcinae]

Notes:
Sarcina is a genus of Gram-positive cocci bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae. They are gram positive bacteria which are found in water and soil and thrive in low pH environment. They are arranged in cubical pockets.

5. Which among the following is largest animal Phylum?

[A] Mollusca
[B] Arthropoda
[C] Mammalia
[D] Annelida

Correct Answer: B [Arthropoda]

Notes:
An arthropod is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages. It is considered as the largest phylum in the animal kingdom with an estimated 85 percent of known species included in this phylum.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

6. Which of the following organism grows on Common Bread?

[A] Bacterium
[B] Yeast
[C] Mucor
[D] Virus

Correct Answer: C [Mucor]

Notes:
Mucor is a microbial genus of approximately 40 species of moulds commonly found in soil, digestive systems, plant surfaces. They also grow on common bread. Mucor may cause infections in man, frogs, amphibians, cattle, and swine.

7. Which among the following is correct about biocenosis?

[A] The study of energy transformations in the living systems
[B] Community of organisms occupying an area
[C] Study of the parts of an ecosystem with specific species
[D] A kind of abnormality related to organism living in a particular habitat

Correct Answer: B [Community of organisms occupying an area]

Notes:
The term Biocenosis was coined by Karl Mobius in 1877. It describes the interacting organisms which are living together in a habitat or biotope. The use of this term has declined in the 21st Century.

8. Who among the following scientists is known for devising four criteria designed to establish a causal relationship between a causative microbe and a disease?

[A] Louis Pasteur
[B] Emil Behring
[C] Ivan Pavlov
[D] Robet Koch

Correct Answer: D [Robet Koch]

Notes:
Dr. Robert Koch was a German (Prussian) physician. In 1877 he isolated Bacillus anthracis (causative agent of Anthrax) . He also isolated Tuberculosis bacillus (Causative agent of TB) and Vibrio cholera (causative agent of Cholera). He is also known to develop Koch’s postulates, the four criteria designed to establish a causal relationship between a causative microbe and a disease. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his tuberculosis findings in 1905.

9. Empedocles is related to which of the following theory of biology?

[A] theory of cell
[B] theory of natural selection
[C] theory of mutation
[D] theory of disease

Correct Answer: B [theory of natural selection]

Notes:
Empedocles formulated a theory of natural selection. He proposed that everything in existence is composed of different combinations of four elements: air, fire, water and earth.

10. Who among the following has given four kingdom classifications?

[A] Ernest Haeckel
[B] Copeland
[C] RH Whittaker
[D] Carolus Linnaeus

Correct Answer: B [Copeland]

Notes:
Copeland introduced the Four kingdom of classifications(Monera, Protista, Plantae and Animalia).

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

11. Biometric is related to which of the following statement?

[A] the process of ageing, and the particular problems of old people
[B] heredity and variation
[C] body measurements and calculations related to human characteristics
[D] transmission of paternal traits to progeny

Correct Answer: C [body measurements and calculations related to human characteristics]

Notes:
Biometrics are calculations related to body measurements and human characteristics. Biometric authentication is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control.

12. How do pteridophytes differ from mosses?

[A] Independent gametophyte
[B] Dependent gametophyte
[C] Flagellate antherozoids
[D] Independent and dominant sporophyte

Correct Answer: D [Independent and dominant sporophyte]

Notes:
Pteridophytes differ from moss and seed plants in that both the generations are independent and dominant.

13. Porins are located in?

[A] the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria
[B] the peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria
[C] the cytoplasmic membrane of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria
[D] the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria

Correct Answer: A [the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria]

Notes:
Porins are located in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria.

14. Which of the following is analogous to mesosome of bacteria?

[A] Mitochondria of eukaryotes
[B] Golgi apparatus of eukaryotes
[C] Lysosomes of eukaryotes
[D] None of these

Correct Answer: A [Mitochondria of eukaryotes]

Notes:
analogous to mesosome of bacteria is Mitochondria of eukaryotes.

15. What are the first plants that lived on land?

[A] Angiosperms
[B] Gymnosperms
[C] Bryophytes
[D] Pteridophytes

Correct Answer: C [Bryophytes]

Notes:
Bryophytes are the first plants that lived on land.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

16. Except which of the following are dicotyledonous?

[A] Gram
[B] Bean
[C] Maize
[D] Pea

Correct Answer: C [Maize]

Notes:
Rice, millet, wheat, and other plants such as onion, maize, ginger, banana, palm tree are examples of monocot seeds. Legumes including beans, lentils, peas, peanuts, and tomatoes are examples of dicotyledonous seeds.

17. Which of the following is not a function of Ethylene?

[A] stimulates the conversion of starch and acids to sugars
[B] promotes germination in some cereals
[C] stimulate shoot elongation, seed germination
[D] fruit ripening, flower wilting, and leaf fall

Correct Answer: C [stimulate shoot elongation, seed germination]

Notes:
The function of Ethylene – stimulates the conversion of starch and acids to sugars, promotes germination in some cereals, and sprouting of bulbs and potatoes and is also associated with fruit ripening, flower wilting, and leaf fall.

18. Which of the following shows double fertilization?

[A] Gymnosperms
[B] Angiosperms
[C] Algae
[D] All of the above

Correct Answer: B [Angiosperms]

Notes:
Angiosperms show double fertilization. Angiosperms are plants that produce flowers and bear their seeds in fruits.

19. Which of the following are the smallest organisms that cause disease in plants?

[A] Viruses
[B] Fungi
[C] Bacteria
[D] Mycoplasma

Correct Answer: D [Mycoplasma]

Notes:
Mycoplasma is the smallest organism that causes disease in plants. Mycoplasma is the smallest prokaryotic organism. It is capable of independent growth, division, and reproduction.

20. Which of the following is a limbless amphibian?

[A] Salamander
[B] Ichthyophis
[C] Amphioxus
[D] Balanoglossus

Correct Answer: B [Ichthyophis]

Notes:
Ichthyophis is a limbless amphibian. They are commonly known as caecilians. Their eyes may be covered by skin or even bone.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

21. Which of the following is a correct feature of a frog?

[A] jaws but no teeth
[B] eyes but no lids
[C] ears but no pinnae
[D] hands but no fingers

Correct Answer: C [ears but no pinnae]

Notes:
Frogs have eyes and they have 3 eyelids. The pinnae are the visible part of the ear that resides on the outside of the head, although they do have a middle ear called the tympanic cavity and an inner ear.

22. The long hollow bones and connected air sacs are the characteristic features of?

[A] Mammals
[B] Reptilia
[C] Aves
[D] None of the above

Correct Answer: C [Aves]

Notes:
The long hollow bones and connected air sacs are the characteristic features of Aves. Aves are warm-blooded animals and have four-chambered hearts.

23. Which of the following are characteristic of pneumatic bones?

[A] mammals
[B] reptiles
[C] aves
[D] lizards

Correct Answer: C [aves]

Notes:
Pneumatic bones are found in birds. Pneumatic bones are hollow and due to pneumatic bones birds can fly in the air.

24. In terms of animal products, Tallow is mostly?

[A] Fat
[B] Protein
[C] Minerals
[D] Water

Correct Answer: A [Fat]

Notes:
Tallow is made by rendering suet which is the fat of cattle or sheep, typically the fat that surrounds the animal’s organs. It is a substance with a slick, oily consistency. Tallow has been used in cooking, for making soap, candles, as a healing salve and skin balm as well as a lubricant for wood, leather, and metalworking industries.

25. How many layers are present in the human eye?

[A] Three
[B] Four
[C] Two
[D] Nine

Correct Answer: A [Three]

Notes:
The eye has three main layers. These are Fibrous coat or Sclera, Vascular coat or Uveal tract, and Nervous coat or Retina.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

26. Ophthalmoception is related to which of the following?

[A] Ears
[B] Eyes
[C] Nose
[D] Skin

Correct Answer: B [Eyes]

Notes:
Ophthalmoception is related to the Eyes. These are the visual sensory organs in our body, which are sensitive to light images.

27. The splice of the joints are fibrous in nature in which there is no movement?

[A] tendons and tibia
[B] ligaments and femur
[C] diarthrosis
[D] synarthroses

Correct Answer: D [synarthroses]

Notes:
A synarthrosis is a fixed or almost immobile joint. Synarthrosis is a type of joint that allows no movement under normal circumstances.

28. __ is the decrease in glomerular filtration in humans.

[A] Renal failure
[B] Uremia
[C] Renal Calculi
[D] Nephritis

Correct Answer: A [Renal failure ]

Notes:
Renal failure is the decrease in glomerular filtration in humans. It is also called Kidney failure.

29. What is the largest part of the alimentary canal?

[A] Large Intestine
[B] Small Intestine
[C] Liver
[D] Stomach

Correct Answer: B [Small Intestine]

Notes:
The Small Intestine is the largest part of the alimentary canal. The small intestine has divided into three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

30. Which disease is a contagious, chronic and usually fatal infection that primarily affects the small intestine of ruminants?

[A] Bovine ephemeral fever
[B] Johne`s disease
[C] Lesions
[D] None of these

Correct Answer: B [Johne`s disease]

Notes:
Johne`s disease is a contagious, chronic and usually fatal infection that primarily affects the small intestine of ruminants.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

31. The greater omentum connects the stomach to which structures?

[A] Spleen, transverse colon
[B] Spleen, ascending colon
[C] Spleen, descending colon
[D] Spleen, small bowel

Correct Answer: A [Spleen, transverse colon]

Notes:
The greater omentum connects the stomach to Spleen and transverse colon.

32. Which of the following is not a female hormone?

[A] Oxytocin
[B] Testosterone
[C] Estrogen
[D] Progesterone

Correct Answer: B [Testosterone]

Notes:
The testes produce testosterone which is responsible for male sexual characteristics.

33. What causes East Coast Fever in cattle?

[A] Cryptosporidium parvum
[B] Theileria parva
[C] Escherichia coli
[D] None of these

Correct Answer: B [Theileria parva]

Notes:
East Coast fever (ECF) is caused by Theileria parva, a parasitic protozoan that lives in the white blood cells and red blood cells of its mammalian host and is transmitted by ticks.

34. Why was Pea Plant Selected for Mendel’s Experiments?
1. can be easily grown and maintained
2. naturally self-pollinating but can also be cross-pollinated
3. has several contrasting characters
4. an annual plant
Select the codes above:

[A] Only 1
[B] Only 1 and 2
[C] Only 2, 3, and 4
[D] All of the above

Correct Answer: D [All of the above]

Notes:
Pea Plant Selected for Mendel’s Experiments because it can be easily grown and maintained, naturally self-pollinating but can also be cross-pollinated, an annual plant, and has several contrasting characters.

35. Which of the following is green manure?

[A] Rice
[B] Sorghum
[C] Maize
[D] Sesbania

Correct Answer: D [Sesbania]

Notes:
Sesbania is green manure. Sesbania is a leguminous crop. It is commonly used as a green manure crop to add nitrogen and organic matter to the soil.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

36. Bioethanol is denatured alcohol that is also called __

[A] Ethylene
[B] Methylated spirit
[C] Ethylene glycol
[D] Methylene

Correct Answer: B [Methylated spirit]

Notes:
Bioethanol is denatured alcohol that is also called Methylated spirit. It is a liquid made from alcohol and other chemicals.

37. A method for the delivery of nucleic acids to cells by high-speed particle bombardment is called?

[A] Transformation
[B] Biolistics
Biolistics
[C] Sequencing
[D] None of these

Correct Answer: B [Biolistics
Biolistics]

Notes:
A method for the delivery of nucleic acids to cells by high-speed particle bombardment is called Biolistics.

38. Carbon monoxide poisoning can be cured by
____:

[A] Drinking lemon-water
[B] Eating butter
[C] Exposing the affected person to fresh oxygen
[D] Consuming multi-vitamin tablet

Correct Answer: C [Exposing the affected person to fresh oxygen]

Notes:
Carbon monoxide poisoning can be cured by exposing the affected person to fresh oxygen. It is because CO posoning leads to oxygen starvation of body cells. This therapy involves breathing pure oxygen in a chamber in which the air pressure is about two to three times higher than normal. This speeds the replacement of carbon monoxide with oxygen in your blood. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be used in cases of severe carbon monoxide poisoning.

39. Which of the following bacterium causes crown gall disease in plants?

[A] Agrobacterium tumefaciens
[B] Pseudomonas fluorescens
[C] Bacillus thurigiensis
[D] None of the above

Correct Answer: A [Agrobacterium tumefaciens]

Notes:
Crown gall is a disease caused by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens (synonym Rhizobium radiobacter), which enters the plant through wounds in roots or stems and stimulates the plant tissues to grow in a disorganized way, producing swollen galls. As the disease progresses, plants lose vigour and may eventually die. In science of Biotechnology, it is considered as natural engineer.

40. Which type of plants are very tall and have hard and thick brown stem?

[A] Trees
[B] Herbs
[C] Shrubs
[D] None of the above

Correct Answer: A [Trees]

Notes:
The plants, which have hard and thick brown stem and are very tall are called trees. The stems have branches in upper part and much above the ground. For example, mango, neem. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a woody trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants for sunlight.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

41. Endoplasmic Reticulum are rough because of ____ present on their surface:

[A] Plastids
[B] Lysosomes
[C] Golgi bodies
[D] Ribosomes

Correct Answer: D [Ribosomes]

Notes:
There are two regions of endoplasmic reticulum that differ in both structure and function. One region is called rough ER because it has ribosomes attached to the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. The other region is called smooth ER because it lacks attached ribosomes.

42. The parts of human body affected by Pyria are _____:

[A] Small intestine
[B] Eyes
[C] Teeth and gums
[D] Large intestine

Correct Answer: C [Teeth and gums]

Notes:
Pyria, or periodontal disease, is a progressive gum disease characterized by inflammation resulting from the toxins found in plaque. It leads to bleeding of the gums. If allowed to progress, Pyria begins to destroy underlying tissue, which may eventually lead to premature tooth loss.

43. Which among the following is given to a player for instant energy?

[A] Protein
[B] Vitamin
[C] Calcium
[D] Carbohydrates

Correct Answer: D [Carbohydrates]

Notes:
Carbohydrates are the main and quick energy source for human beings. Simple carbohydrates (like sugar-sweetened beverages) are digested quickly and send immediate bursts of glucose (energy) into the blood stream. Complex carbohydrates are digested more slowly and supply a lower steadier release of glucose into the blood stream.

44. The waste management technique that involves the use of micro-organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from contaminated site is called ____:

[A] Bio magnification
[B] Bio sensor
[C] Bioremediation
[D] Bio concentration

Correct Answer: C [Bioremediation]

Notes:
Bioremediation is a waste management technique that involves the use of organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site. It uses naturally occurring organisms to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or non-toxic substances. There are two classes of bioremediation used : In situ and Ex situ.

45. In which medical condition is the eyes optic nerve damaged and the condition worsens over time?

[A] Dry Eye
[B] Glaucoma
[C] Cataract
[D] Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Correct Answer: B [Glaucoma]

Notes:
Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to the eye’s optic nerve and gets worse over time. People with glaucoma can lose nerve tissue, resulting in vision loss. In the most common form of glaucoma, primary open angle glaucoma, the fluid pressure inside the eye increases and causes progressive damage to the optic nerve and loss of nerve fibres.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC

46. During heavy exercise, breathing rate in an average adult person can increase upto ____ per minute:

[A] 15
[B] 20
[C] 25
[D] 30

Correct Answer: C [25]

Notes:
As exercise commences pulmonary ventilation (breathing) increases in direct proportion to the intensity and metabolic needs of the exercise. During heavy exercise, breathing rate in an average adult person can increase upto 25 per minute.

47. The outer skin most of the crustaceans are made up of a carbohydrate. This carbohydrate is _____:

[A] Cellulose
[B] Galactose
[C] Chitin
[D] Starch

Correct Answer: C [Chitin]

Notes:
All crustaceans have a body covered with a protective shell composed of a horny substance called chitin. The outer skeleton is not continuous but made up of divided sections called somites. It limits the growth of an organism therefore need to be shed from time to time.

48. The larvae of cockroach is called _____:

[A] Caterpillar
[B] Nymph
[C] Maggot
[D] Grub

Correct Answer: B [Nymph]

Notes:
Cockroaches develop through a process called gradual metamorphosis. This process has three stages: egg, nymph, and adult. All the changes during metamorphosis are regulated by the hormones thyroxine.

49. Life originated by chemosynthesis was proved in the laboratory by _______:

[A] Miller
[B] Aristotle
[C] Sanger
[D] Pasteur

Correct Answer: A [Miller]

Notes:
The Miller–Urey experiment of 1952 simulated the conditions present on the early Earth, and tested the chemical origin of life under those conditions in a laboratory. The experiment demonstrated how amino acids could be generated in a lab environment from simple compounds subjected to electrical discharges in the early Earth’s atmosphere. The spontaneous creation of amino acids was used in this experiment to explain life’s origin by chemosynthesis as proposed by oparin and later supported by Haldane.

50. Rinderpest disease of Cattle is caused by____:

[A] Insects
[B] Protozoa
[C] Virus
[D] Bacteria

Correct Answer: C [Virus]

Notes:
Rinderpest is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of ruminant animals, primarily cattle, that was once common in Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and the Middle East. Currently it is known to have been completely eradicated.

Top 100 Important Questions from Biology for SSC